肝臓学と膵臓科学

Drug induced liver toxicity-where we are?

Abstract

Santosh Nagare, Prasanta Kumar Nayak

Drugs are the one of the major cause of liver injury. Because with some exception all drugs are metabolized by the liver it carries inherent risk of injury or toxicity. Various Xenobiotics by various ways affect the liver, many drugs produces acute liver injury that liver may repair itself because of its fast regenerating property. DILI classified as acute, Idiosyncratic and chronic on the basis of there mechanism and duration of toxicity. Some common agents that can cause liver injury are acetaminophen, antibiotics, statins, INH and herbal drugs with different modes and duration to affect the liver. Many drugs not affect the liver when taken for short duration but on continuous consumption they leads to disruption of hepatocytes. The obvious fact that different drug utilises different enzymes to get metabolised the toxicity produced by them also varies. The liver toxicity from drugs ranges from mild injury to total dysfunction of liver. In this review we have discussed the various pathologies underlies the liver injury induced by the drugs including polymorphism, autoimmune and hapten hypothesis with the summary of drugs which are proven hepatotoxic till date.