アラビアン・ジャーナル・オブ・ビジネス・アンド・マネジメント・レビュー

Pakistan has been standing up to the inadequacy of housing units like any other underdeveloped country across the world. The enormous deficiency is rapidly increasing; in 1998 the housing stock was 19.2 million whereas the shortage was about 4.3 million. According to the population poll of 2017, it reaches to 32.2 million as housing stocks, whereas the shortage increased to 10 million and currently the housing deficiency reaches to more than 12 million (World Bank 2018). The housing industry remained neglected by all stakeholders including government itself in past. If at all the leadership got any attention, it ends up as a mere political rhetoric. Even though if the work was done, it didn't go beyond a certain desire or discussion and didn't even set a drafting table. The fate of the few launched housing schemes for lowincome populace created an environment of mistrust. The bold initiative taken by current political party for construction industry and especially towards the construction of Low-cost housing units for under privileged citizens by giving them a chance of having their own home. This dictates identification of risk factors associated with the failure of low-cost housing schemes launched previously. These factors need to be analyzed thoroughly for success of the initiative taken thus keeping a strong sociopolitical relation. The procedure for low-cost housing scheme presented by NAPHDA was explored. The study is encompassed by a poll-based survey comprising variables placed using the Relative Importance Index (RII). The results of this investigation allow appropriation by the customers, contractor, and employees and suggest bold dynamic measures to manage these identified risks for the achievement of the planned project.

E-Recruitment, likewise called as Online Recruitment, is the way toward employing the potential possibility for the empty occupation positions, utilizing the electronic assets, especially the web. E-Recruitment incorporates the whole procedure of finding the imminent up-and-comers, surveying, meeting and employing them, according to the activity necessity. Through this, the enrollment is accomplished successfully and effectively. For the most part, the activity opening is publicized on the World Wide Web (www), where the candidates append their CV or resume, to get perceived by the potential spotters or the employers. The organizations embrace their online special exercises by means of their official sites, wherein the total data about the partnership is encased. Through this data, the forthcoming competitor could conclude whether to be a piece of a firm or not. Along these lines, the company's legitimate site is viewed as a basic component of E-Recruitment. E-enlistment is a simple and a straightforward method of recruiting workers in an organization, when contrasted with the customary strategies. Web has had an immense effect on the overall working of the HR office. With the idea of E-HRM in an organization, the working of the HR office turns out to be simple. There is a decline in the use of paper, less capacity is required, less time gets squandered in documentation process, decrease in labor use, spares time and information can be utilized as and when required and in a few different ways. Through analysis, it is evident that there is no significant relation between the source of hiring and the % of selections made. Choice of an applicant depends on different factors too, for example, the quantity of long periods of experience one has, the educational qualifications, relational abilities

The goal of quality management is to maintain a high standard of quality in all areas that directly or indirectly affect customer satisfaction. The establishment of guidelines by QM provides the framework for a low rejection rate and high customer satisfaction. It is crucial to record and examine each step of the process, from creation through delivery. Afterward, these are improved (if possible). The product should surpass the needs of the customer. Thus, QM focuses on the goal of enhancing product quality through organisational tasks. But QM requires on-going adaptation because it is constantly changing. In this context, the ISO 9000 series of standards is the most significant. For instance, DIN EN ISO 9000 deals with the fundamentals and terminology of quality management systems, and DIN EN ISO 9001 specifies the requirements for such a system, in accordance with which businesses can receive certification. Only effects that could be detrimental to the final product's quality are examined in quality assurance, and they are ideally removed.

The public benefits from greater performance and outcomes thanks to strategic management, which is commonly seen as being crucial to the public sector. In fact, the concept of strategic management from the private sector has gained so much traction in the public sector that politicians and policymakers have started to discuss how crucial it is for the modern state to be strategic. As a result, we may be seeing the rise of the Strategic State. Aspirations and capabilities are connected through strategy.