Yaodong Congyu*
This systematic review examines the relationship between female sports participation and the risk of osteoarthritis (OA). With increasing participation of females in sports and physical activities, understanding the potential long-term musculoskeletal consequences is essential for informing injury prevention strategies and promoting lifelong joint health. Osteoarthritis, characterized by joint pain, stiffness and functional impairment, poses a significant public health burden, particularly among aging populations. While sports participation has numerous health benefits, including improved cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and mental well-being, certain sports and repetitive movements may increase the risk of OA development, particularly in weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, this study synthesizes evidence on the association between female sports participation and OA risk, exploring potential risk factors, protective factors and modifiable behaviors that may influence joint health outcomes. Understanding the complex interplay between sports participation, biomechanics, genetics and lifestyle factors can inform targeted interventions to mitigate OA risk and optimize musculoskeletal health in active females across the lifespan.
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