繊維科学および工学ジャーナル

In the present study, waste jute fibers formed in textile industries, were wet pulverized to nanoscale using high energy planetary ball milling. The rate of refinement of uncleaned jute fibers having non-cellulosic contents was found slower than the cleaned jute fibers. This behavior is attributed to the strong holding of fiber bundles by noncellulosic contents which offered resistance to the defibrillation during wet milling. In addition, the pulverization of fibers in the presence of water prevents the increase in temperature of mill which subsequently avoided sticking of material on the milling container. After three hours milling, the diameter of nanofibers was observed around 50 nm. In the further stage, obtained nanofibers were incorporated under 1 wt%, 5 wt% and 10 wt% loading into poly lactic acid composite films. The potentials of jute nanofibers were investigated for improvement in mechanical and barrier properties of films. The maximum improvement in mechanical properties was observed in case of 5 wt% composite film where Young’s modulus was increased to 3.3 GPa from 1.0 GPa as compared with neat PLA film.

To rescue from the harmful effects of those chemical wastes the research work was focused on eco friendly natural dyes. The best in eco-friendly fabrics, “Organic cotton” was selected for the study. Extracted natural dyes from the selected natural resource (Eclipta Leaves, Achras Zapota Leaves and Nyctanthes Arbortristis Flowers) were applied onto organic cotton yarn with no using of chemicals & mordents. Enzymatic Bio wash has been further done to the naturally dyed organic cotton fabric. The colorfastness properties of natural dyed organic cotton fabric were observed and concluded.

Warping is aimed at preparing the weaver’s beam to be set up on the weaving machine. In warping, the yarns are taken from the spools placed on the creel and are wound around the warp beam or roll as per the calculated width of the fabric, an uninterrupted length of hundreds of warp yarns results, all oriented parallel to one another. This paper reports a study on producing (27) yarn samples by an indirect warping machine (Benninger, Ben–Ergotronic). Samples of yarns were manufactured from continuous raw polyester filaments with three yarn counts (70,150,300 denier) under three applied tensions of (0.15, 0.22, 0.29 cN/dtex). In addition, three warping speeds (200,400,600 m/min) were used. Tensile strength and elongation at break were measured. The results of measurements of warp yarn count under study for tensile strength and the elongation under the application of the set tension and warping speeds showed optimum tensile strength at warping speed of 400m/min, under a tension of (0.22) cN/dtex. In addition, the optimum elongation percentage was at warping speed of 200m/ min, under a tension of (0.22) cN/dtex for the (70) denier yarns. For (150) and (300) denier yarns, the optimum tensile strength and elongation percentage were at warping speed of 600m/min, under a tension of (0.29) cN/dtex.

The impact of the fast fashion phenomenon is seen both in apparel and textile manufactures since the manufacturing time of apparels is considered as the most potential factor in reducing the overall time of the fashion cycle. In addition to the need for reduction in lead time, there is an increase in levels of quality expectations, resulting in higher cost of manufacture. Hence, in the present scenario, for high fashion garments, there is a need for technology which can minimize lead time and fabric losses, in addition to the production of garments as per the requirement of the customers in a short span of time. A DPOL (Direct Pattern on Loom) method for weaving fabric in the shape of garment panels (pieces) finished at the edges that could considerably reduce fabric loss and lead time is developed by using the electronic jacquard weaving machine. The main aim of the project is to study the feasibility of the production of Direct pattern on Loom especially on jacquard and to check the lead time required with conventional and this modern method.

The transmission characteristics of radiation in the near-infrared range through fabric and similar materials have been investigated, to determine the manner in which the spatial distribution and amplitude levels of the through-transmitted signals are affected by the various physical characteristics of the sample material. A variety of fabric samples have been tested and factors such as material porosity, thickness and moisture content are seen to affect the through-transmission characteristics. Relationships have accordingly been derived to qualify the relative influence of such factors on signal amplitudes and distribution. The work is of interest to near infrared personal security screening applications.