外科ジャーナル

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has rapidly emerged as a groundbreaking technology with diverse applications across various industries. In the field of medicine, 3D printing has proven to be a game-changer, particularly in the realm of surgical implants. Traditional offthe- shelf implants often present challenges, as they may not perfectly match a patient's unique anatomy, leading to potential complications and suboptimal outcomes. Customized surgical implants, created using 3D printing technology, have revolutionized the approach to patient care, offering personalized solutions that enhance surgical precision and improve patient outcomes. This article explores the role of 3D printing in customized surgical implants, highlighting its transformative impact on modern medicine. 3D printing is a process in which objects are created layer by layer based on a digital model. In medicine, 3D printing utilizes medical imaging data, such as Computed Tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, to generate precise 3D models of a patient's anatomy. These models serve as the foundation for the design and production of customized surgical implants. Medical imaging techniques, such as CT or MRI, are used to capture detailed data of a patient's anatomy. These images are then converted into digital 3D models using specialized software. Using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software, healthcare professionals can customize the implant design to perfectly match the patient's unique anatomy. This level of customization ensures an optimal fit and functionality.

The field of surgery demands a high level of precision, skill, and expertise from medical professionals. Traditionally, surgical training has involved a gradual progression from observation to hands-on practice in the operating room. However, advancements in technology have paved the way for transformative changes in surgical education. Virtual reality (VR) and simulation have emerged as cutting-edge tools that offer immersive and realistic training experiences for aspiring surgeons. This article explores the role of virtual reality and simulation in medical education, highlighting their potential to revolutionize surgical training and improve patient outcomes. Virtual reality is a computer-generated, interactive environment that can simulate real-world experiences. In surgical training, VR provides a unique opportunity for students and resident surgeons to practice various procedures in a safe and controlled environment. Using specialized VR headsets and haptic feedback devices, trainees can experience a sense of presence in a virtual operating room and engage in realistic surgical scenarios. VR allows trainees to perform surgical procedures on virtual patients with a level of realism that closely resembles real-life surgeries. The immersive experience replicates the sights, sounds, and sensations of the operating room, creating an environment that mirrors the complexities of actual surgical procedures. Trainees can practice making incisions, suturing, and using surgical instruments, refining their skills in a risk-free setting.

The field of surgery has witnessed remarkable advancements over the years, and one of the most transformative innovations has been roboticassisted surgery. Robotic systems have revolutionized the operating room by providing surgeons with enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualization during procedures. This comprehensive review explores the evolution, benefits, applications, and challenges of robotic-assisted surgery, highlighting its significant impact on patient outcomes and the future of surgical care. The roots of robotic-assisted surgery can be traced back to the early 1980s when researchers began exploring the concept of telemanipulation and robotic systems in surgery. The first successful robotic-assisted surgery, performed in 1985, involved a robot called the PUMA 560 assisting in a neurosurgical biopsy. This landmark achievement laid the foundation for further development in the field. One of the most significant advantages of robotic-assisted surgery is its ability to enhance precision and dexterity during procedures. The robotic arms, operated by the surgeon through a console, offer a full range of motion, allowing for precise movements that are not possible with human hands alone. This level of precision is particularly beneficial in delicate surgeries involving intricate structures, such as cardiac surgery or microsurgery.

Background: Reconstruction of pressure sores still present a major challenge in plastic surgery due to high rates of wound dehiscence and pressure sore recurrence. Trochanteric sores are generally closed with tensor fascia lata flaps, however with high recurrence rates.

Case report: We illustrated a case of trochanteric pressure sore with osteomyelitis of the femoral head treated with an alternative reconstructive option, Girdlestone procedure and a pedicled anterolateral thigh myocutaneous flap. Wide debridement of infected tissues and filling of dead space are of paramount importance in the treatment of pressure sores. In the presented case, with a one-stage surgery and prolonged antibiotherapy, the infection was resolved, and the postoperative period was uneventful. We were able to reconstruct the pressure sore with well vascularized tissue, without tension and padded by the vastus lateralis muscle cuff included. Also, the aesthetic result was superior to the tensor fascia lata flap, without dog ear deformity and no donor site skin grafting.

Conclusion: The Girdlestone procedure with an ALT myocutaneous flap is a good reconstructive option for trochanteric pressure sores.

Surgery is a critical aspect of medical care, with millions of procedures performed worldwide each year. While surgical interventions can be life-saving and transformative, they also carry inherent risks, and surgical complications can have significant implications for patient outcomes. A recent study has shed light on the key factors influencing surgical complications and patient recovery. This article examines the findings of the study and highlights the importance of understanding and addressing these factors to improve surgical care and patient safety. The study involved a comprehensive analysis of surgical procedures and patient outcomes across various medical specialties. Researchers examined a large dataset of surgical cases from multiple healthcare institutions, encompassing diverse surgical procedures and patient demographics. The scope of the study included both elective and emergency surgeries, aiming to capture a broad range of surgical scenarios. To identify key factors influencing surgical complications and patient outcomes, the researchers considered a combination of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables. Patient-related factors, such as age, pre-existing medical conditions, and surgical history, were analyzed, along with surgical factors, such as the complexity of the procedure and surgical approach. Additionally, the study explored the impact of healthcare system factors, surgical team experience, and postoperative care protocols on patient recovery.