臨床的うつ病

The Science behind Clinical Depression: Insights into Neurobiology and Genetics

Abstract

Isabelle Monroe

Clinical depression, a pervasive and debilitating mental health disorder, has long been the focus of extensive research aimed at unraveling its underlying neurobiological and genetic underpinnings. The intricate interplay of neurobiology and genetics provides critical insights into the mechanisms that contribute to the development and persistence of depressive symptoms. Neurobiological research has revealed a complex array of abnormalities in the brain circuits and neurotransmitter systems implicated in mood regulation. Central among these is the monoamine hypothesis, which posits dysregulation in serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine neurotransmission as key contributors to depression. Serotonin, often referred to as the "feel-good" neurotransmitter, plays a central role in regulating mood, sleep, appetite, and stress response. Dysfunction in serotonin signalling pathways has been linked to depressive symptoms, leading to the development of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) as a frontline treatment for depression.