公衆衛生と安全の国際ジャーナル

Determinants of Tuberculosis among Adults in Jabi Tehnan District, West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

Abstract

Maru Meseret, Mulat Shibabaw, Girmaye Tsegaye

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is the third leading causes of death among adults in sub-Saharan Africa after Human Immunodeficiency virus and malaria. Ethiopia is one of the 22 high burden countries and the country is rated 7th among the 22 burden countries.

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to identify determinants of tuberculosis among adults in Jabi tehnan district.

Method: Unmatched case control study was conducted among 100 cases and 300 controls to identify determinants of tuberculosis among adults. Simple random sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Data were collected from the study population using structured questionnaire through observation and face to face interview. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association between outcome and independent factors.

Results: A total of 400 study subjects were participated in this study. Independent determinants which were significantly associated with TB were family size (AOR=3.605, 95% CI 1.717-7.570), composition of house floor (AOR=4.430 95% CI 1.739-11.286), family history of TB (AOR=5.374 95% CI 2.145-13.468), ever drunk alcohol (AOR=3.799 95% CI 1.237-11.666), ever drunk raw milk (AOR=7.275 95% CI 3.267-16.202), out of family contact history with TB patients (AOR=5.103 95% CI 1.024-25.418), living in poor lighting (AOR= 4.532 95% CI 1.823- 11.267) and ventilation (AOR=3.736 95% CI 1.462-9.548) house.

Conclusion and Recommendations: In this study, the most important determinants to develop TB were identified such as family size, house floor, and family history of TB, ever drunk alcohol, ever drunk raw milk, ventilation and lighting status of house. Providing health education for new TB patients how to protect their family and community, on life style risk factors, regarding housing condition, importance of ventilation and lighting for the community is important to prevent and reduce TB disease in the community.