看護とケアのジャーナル

Purpose: During puberty growth is rapid and confusing, especially compared to the relatively earlier period of childhood. The purpose of this study was to compare the knowledge and attitude regarding pubertal changes among pre–adolescent boys before and after the pubertal preparedness programme (PPP) in experimental and comparison/control group or control group. Methods: A Quasi experimental (non-equivalent comparison/control group pre-test post-test) design was adopted with 100 pre-adolescent boys (50 in each experimental and comparison/control/control group) of age 12-14 years, selected by purposive sampling from two different rural government schools of Ambala District. The Knowledge and attitude of both groups were assessed using structured knowledge questionnaire (KR-20=0.77) and 5 point likert scale (Cronbach’s alpha=0.76), respectively. On the same day of pre-test, pubertal Preparedness Programme (PPP) was administered only to the experimental group and on 12th day Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) reinforcement session was held only for experimental group. After 28 days, post-test was taken to both groups. Results: The computed t value of pre-test scores of knowledge and attitude of pre-adolescent boys were 1.96 vs. 1.75 respectively in experimental and comparison/control/control group which was found to be non-significant at 0.05 level of significance which shows that both group didn’t differ significantly in their knowledge and attitude before the administration of PPP intervention. Findings of unpaired ‘t’ value of post-test knowledge and attitude scores of pre-adolescent boys were 14.25 vs. 10.98 respectively in experimental and comparison/control/control group were found significant at 0.05 level of significance. Thus, knowledge and attitude of pre-adolescent boys were improved with PPP and FAQs session. Conclusion: PPP and FAQs (frequently asked questions) reinforcement session are effective in enhancing knowledge and developing favorable attitude among pre-adolescent boys.

Background: Complex practices used for care management are developed to include the perspectives of professionals, healthcare organizations and patients. Therefore, to implement strategies to provide quality care, identifying gaps in these practices is crucial. This study seeks to gain a better understanding of the management of health care for people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome by considering the perspective of health professionals, managers and patients of a specialized service facility in South Brazil that focuses on contagious diseases. Methods: This qualitative, dialogic, reflexive and interpretative study involved 16 participants. The data were derived from semi-structured interviews conducted during 2013 and 2014. Ethnograph® software was used to provide a descriptive and interpretative data analysis. Results: The results show that care management multidimensionality requires continuous attention to the way professionals think as well as reorganization of labor processes and the network of services provided. Thus emerged three categories: interdisciplinarity in care management; continuous training in care management; and strengthening of health care networks. Conclusion: From the perspective of individuals involved in managing and promoting the care and health of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, changes are needed to improve the care of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in terms of the three dimensions of care management.

Background: Competency affects several aspects of the quality of nursing care and has a significant contribution to the patient outcomes. There exists little up to date information concerning nursing profession as well as how nurses employing in clinical settings in Vietnam learn to improve their own competencies. Objectives: To investigate the ways Vietnamese nurses practicing in clinical settings have learned to improve their own competencies. Methods: A qualitative study, ethnographic method, comprised of the participant-observation, in-depth interview, and focus group discussion with multidisciplinary groups of nurses employing in Cho Ray Hospital, Vietnam, managers/administrators, nurse teachers, other health care personnel which derived from purposeful sampling technique. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings: The two ways of learning in order to develop competencies among nurses were identified by the participants through the data collection in this study, including formal and informal learning. Nurses have received their formal training in nursing education programs in nursing schools after graduation to upgrade their nursing professional level was identified as formal learning. However, in the situation of nursing education in Vietnam, there has been rare of formal nursing education programs in bachelor level and higher, informal learning included continuing nursing education, learning from working experience, learning from daily reflective process, and coaching and mentoring was a vital learning strategy for nurses to apply in order to enhance their competencies. Conclusion: The findings from this study provide valuable information and understanding of the ways Vietnamese nurses working in hospital context have learned to improve individual competencies. It would assist to establish an effectively and appropriately strategy in an effort of enhancing nursing competency among nurses in Vietnam.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to grasp the actual conditions of utterances by elderly persons in geriatric care facilities in Japan. Specifically, the study considers utterance frequency, duration, and structure according to the two types of communication: Type I (Task-oriented) and Type II (Life-worldly). Method: Study subjects were comprised of 37 residents in three long-term care facilities in Japan. The study surveyed the personal attributes of each elderly person, and the type and duration of utterances they made within 1 day. Type I and II communication characteristics were both quantitatively and qualitatively investigated. Results: The duration of utterances from older residents was very short, at about 4 min. The average duration of utterances by elderly persons who are bedridden was 115.54 s (SD=131.55), which was significantly lower (p<0.05) in comparison to the average duration of utterances by elderly persons who are able to walk or move using a wheelchair, which was 331.1 s (SD=234.97). In type II communication, the utterances by the older resident were not limited to short replies to caregiver speech, but were relatively longer and self-initiated utterances were also produced.

Purpose/objective: To determine how satisfied the nurses are in the Hematology/Oncology areas, to find what extent the expatriate nurses intend to leave their jobs, and to find the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention in Hematology/Oncology units. The focus of this study was on measuring the effect of the demographic characteristics of the participants on their intent to leave and to link those characteristics to their job satisfaction. Design: Quantitative descriptive cross sectional research. Method: Study instruments included questions related to demographic characteristics, intent to leave, and the McCloskey Mueller Satisfaction Scale. Data were extracted and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (20.V). Univariate descriptive statistics were conducted on the sample's demographic characteristics including gender, age, marital status, nationality and educational level. Bivariate associations between intent to leave and demographic characteristics were tested using Pearson Chi-square. Differences in satisfaction scores between nurses with and without intent to leave were tested using t-test and ANOVA f-test. Results: A total of 223 (68.6% response rate) expatriate nurses employed in the Hematology/Oncology units were surveyed.104 (46.6%) of the participants reported intent to leave within the next 1-3 years. Leavers were less satisfied in all satisfaction subscales than the stayers. Significant Differences were found between marital status and nationalities on one side and intention to leave on the other side (P value=0.027, 0.014, respectively). Predictors of intent to leave were dissatisfaction with different job aspects. Implications for nursing: Findings can be utilized by nursing managers and policy makers to enhance job satisfaction and use it as predictor for intent to leave. Conclusion: Study results predict relationships between job satisfaction and intent to leave the employment within Hematology/Oncology areas or the organization.