法医学研究ジャーナル

The occurrence of perioperative stroke related to noncardiac, nonaortic surgery is frequently less expected than cardiovascular related one.\ Splenectomy could be one of these situations. The advent of post-splenectomy stroke following trauma involving third party, whether accidental or intentional, can arise several questions and be particulary challenging from legal point of view. Aim of this manuscript is to report a case of post splenectomy stroke following a traffic accident and to discuss both imputabilities of the stroke to the splenectomy and the stroke to the traffic accident. A 40-year-old male, without past medical history, was a victim of a traffic accident. Body-scan showed a Haemoperitoneum of medium abundance, a ruptured spleen and a fracture of the right humerus. An emergent splenectomy was performed. The postoperative examination revealed a Glasgow scale of 9 with anosocoria, hypotension and tachycardia. He was reanimated. A computed tomography (CT) scan, performed 6 hours after surgery, showed brain ischemia in the territory of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) suggestive of thrombembolism with deviation of the median line and sub-falcoral engagement. Few hours later, he was declared deceased.

Over the past few decades the field of forensic science has experienced a remarkable development and sustainability enhance the public profile. Due to increasing the different techniques to do the crime, there must be some unique and diverse methods to investigate it. The prominence of forensic science has concluded from scientific and technological advancement, increase in reliance of law enforcement and judicial system. Some of the crimes are smartly occurred, that in investigation there are no clues and evidence would be found to excess the further investigation. Anthropology is a unique and old way to easily notice the clues at crime scene. With the help of forensic anthropology, anthropologist can distinguish the possible stories behind the crime. Even in psychological way, the method can also sense the psychology of the criminal. This review paper aims to identify how best to organize and deliver forensic science education. It also explains the relation the important part of the anthropology in forensic science and how forensic anthropology can be useful at crime scenes. This paper also endeavours that how forensic anthropology can easily detect the clue physically and psychologically to investigate the crime scenes with the help of some hypothesis cases.

Background: A series of novel and low-cost powders were synthesised for the detection and extraction of the latent fingerprints deposited on various porous and non-porous surfaces. The template materials for these novel products range from silica nanoparticles to iron nanoparticles and activated charcoal. Preliminary lab testing indicated high quality fingerprints that were developed on various porous and non-porous surfaces such as glass slides, polymer plastic bags, aluminium foil, cardboard and paper.
Results: The silica based nano-fingerprint powders gave extremely fine visual prints as compared to commercial SIRCHIE® powders, with a white pattern of the ridges. Activated charcoal based and iron nanoparticles based powders on the other hand yielded fine black fingerprint patterns similar to the commercial SIRCHIE® powders. These series of powders were subjected to on-field testing by utilising the state-of-art facility of the General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology, Dubai Police. The samples were tested here under both lab conditions and virtual crime scenes, alongside the SIRCHIE® commercial powders already in standard use by the Dubai Police. The qualities of print developed were assessed based on the AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification System) report and visual inspection by the senior fingerprint experts of the Dubai police.
Conclusion: The study revealed distinct advantages of the novel synthesised products over the commercial powders. There was higher uniformity of the developed print patterns, higher score of AFIS analysis and advanced recovery of damaged fingerprints using the novel powders, which makes these novel products highly commercially viable.

Identification of victims is one of the most significant concerns while investigating the scene of occurrence but due to the delay in time of identification it becomes difficult for the authorities to enable identification. The use of modern forensic techniques including the knowledge from disciplines like forensic anthropology, toxicology, post blast residue analysts, forensic odontologists so as to speed up the investigation. The paper reviews the role of a forensic anthropologist in the Disaster victim identification, on and off site. The use of radiographic techniques in order to know the biological profile of the deceased as well to assist relocation in case of a fragmented body. In the current scenario, the forensic involvement of experts though has been increased in identifying the victims, but still there needs to be more deployment at ground zero in order to increase proper investigation.
Disaster victim identification is a multidisciplinary approach and so collaboration from all the disciplines is needed so as to render justice.

Human facial morphology is diverse between individuals and communities, and is affected by gene polymorphisms. We investigated the effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of ENPP1 and GHR genes on facial features. 20 volunteers over the age of 18 without birth defects, facial trauma, reconstructive and plastic surgery, facial and dental implant treatment, orthognathic/maxillofacial surgery story and facial paralysis or neurological problems resulting any facial abnormalities were selected for the study. Two SNP genotypes and a total of 40 samples were studied. 15 anatomic regions were identified on the face and 27 physical measurements were made between these 15 regions. ENPP1 (rs7754561) and biometric measurements between the points were found associated significantly. We believe that the data obtained from this study might be one of the study for the development of the powerful identification methods from DNA in forensic sciences. The information obtained from DNA analysis might be used for drawing 2D or 3D robot images. If the genes affecting the facial morphology and the variants of these genes are well understood, it would be possible to reach the person whose DNA could not be identified in databases.