がんの科学と治療

n assessing the quality of health services, the use of quality and resolution indicators used in the operating room stands out. The cancellation fee for operating procedures is one of the most important. Cancellations interfere with the outcome of care and increase hospital costs. In the case of cancer patients, the consequences are severe, since early surgical intervention directly influences prognosis, reducing morbidity, and mortality. Considering that surgical suspensions should be prevented, pre-anesthetic consultation and telephone confirmation days before the procedure configure strategies that can be adopted to minimize the problem. A descriptive observational study with a quantitative approach was conducted on the impact of previous telephone confirmation on the reduction of cancellation of oncologic surgeries due to absenteeism. The research was carried out at Professor Alberto Antunes University Hospital, Federal University of Alagoas (HUPAA/UFAL), city of Maceió, State of Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil. The sample consisted of 205 patients with scheduled cancer surgery from January to June 2019, after approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Data analysis was performed descriptively. The effectiveness of previous telephone confirmation was verified, with a 50% reduction in cancellation of elective oncologic surgeries due to absenteeism. The implementation of a call center to confirm the presence of the user consisted of an impact strategy in reducing the cancellation of previously scheduled cancer surgeries.

Chemotherapy (frequently shortened to chemo and now and then CTX or CTx) is a sort of malignant growth therapy that utilizes at least one enemy of disease drugs (chemotherapeutic specialists) as a component of a normalized chemotherapy routine. Chemotherapy might be given with a corrective plan (which quite often includes mixes of medications), or it might intend to drag out life or to decrease manifestations (palliative chemotherapy). Chemotherapy is one of the significant classifications of the clinical order explicitly gave to pharmacotherapy for malignancy, which is called clinical oncology.

Carcinomas are normally organized with Roman numerals. In many arrangements, Stage I and Stage II carcinomas are affirmed when the tumour has been discovered to be little or potentially to have spread to nearby constructions as it were. Stage III carcinomas regularly have been found to have spread to provincial lymph hubs, tissues, or potentially organ structures, while Stage IV tumours have effectively metastasized through the blood too far off destinations, tissues, or organs. Carcinoma is a threat that creates from epithelial cells. In particular, a carcinoma is a malignancy that starts in a tissue that lines the inward or external surfaces of the body, and that emerges from cells beginning in the endodermal, mesodermal or ectodermal germ layer during embryogenesis.

A sarcoma is a threatening tumor, a sort of disease that emerges from changed cells of mesenchyme (connective tissue) origin. Connective tissue is an expansive term that incorporates bone, ligament, fat, vascular, or hematopoietic tissues, and sarcomas can emerge in any of these kinds of tissues. Sub-sequently, there are numerous subtypes of sarcoma, which are arranged dependent on the particular tissue and kind of cell from which the tumor originates. Sarcomas are essential connective tissue tumors, implying that they emerge in connective tissues. This is as opposed to optional (or "metastatic") connective tissue tumors, which happen when a malignant growth from somewhere else in the body (like the lungs, bosom tissue or prostate) spreads to the connective tissue. Causes and danger factors.

Bone marrow is a semi-strong tissue found inside the light or chancellors parts of bones. In birds and well evolved creatures, bone marrow is the essential site of fresh blood cell creation or haematopoiesis. It is made out of hematopoietic cells, marrow fat tissue, and steady stromal cells. In grown-up people, bone marrow is fundamentally situated in the ribs, vertebrae, sternum, and bones of the pelvis. Bone marrow includes roughly % of complete weight in sound grown-up people, to such an extent that a man gauging kg ( lbs) will have around . kg ( lbs) of bone marrow.