がん臨床試験ジャーナル

This article explores key components of quality-ensured environments in translational cancer research and their significance in driving meaningful advancements. Establishing a robust research governance framework is essential to promote quality in translational cancer research. Research governance encompasses policies, procedures and ethical guidelines that govern the conduct of research. This framework ensures compliance with regulatory requirements, protects patient rights and welfare and upholds the highest ethical standards. Implementing a strong governance structure sets the foundation for research excellence and fosters trust among stakeholders. Adopting standardized protocols and procedures is crucial for maintaining research quality. Consistent methodologies and practices enable comparability of results across studies and institutions. Standardization encompasses aspects such as sample collection, processing, storage, data analysis and reporting.

This article explores the transformative shift occurring in the treatment of lung cancer through personalized approaches, driven by a deep understanding of the genomic landscape. Genomic profiling, facilitated by advanced sequencing technologies, enables the decoding of intricate genetic alterations within lung tumors. Identification of targetable mutations, such as EGFR, ALK, and ROS1, provides the basis for precision therapies that have significantly improved patient outcomes. The integration of immunotherapy, specifically PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, into personalized treatment plans, along with the exploration of combination strategies, further enhances the anti-cancer response. Liquid biopsies, analyzing circulating tumor DNA, offer real-time monitoring and early detection of resistance, contributing to the ongoing adaptability of treatment plans. Challenges such as tumor heterogeneity and the identification of resistance mechanisms are acknowledged, emphasizing the need for continued research and innovative strategies. As personalized medicine evolves, it holds the promise to transform lung cancer treatment, offering a more precise and effective approach tailored to the unique genomic features of each patient's tumor.

Our providers’ continuous efforts to obtain NGS testing for their cancer patients as early as possible followed by matched therapy has provided new therapeutic options to our solid tumor patients. We report our experience here with this approach in everyday clinical practice at the Beverly Hills Cancer Center along with our robust clinical research program. This retrospective study included 31 solid tumor patients who were genotyped with the FDA-approved Guardant360 CDx liquid biopsy test that provides comprehensive genomic results from a blood draw in seven days. Our oncologists use this on a regular basis for tumor mutation profiling, also known as Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP), across all solid cancers. The goal was to better define the association between the level of TMB expression and response to immunotherapy.

Ultrasensitive DNA-biomacromolecule refers to a system or technology that can detect and analyze DNA molecules with extremely high sensitivity. DNA, as the genetic material of living organisms, plays a vital role in various biological processes and is often used for diagnostic and research purposes. Ultrasensitive DNA-biomacromolecule technologies are designed to detect and measure minute quantities of DNA molecules present in a sample. These technologies employ various detection methods, such as fluorescence, electrochemical sensing, nanopore sequencing, or amplification techniques like polymerase chain reaction. By leveraging these techniques, scientists can achieve highly sensitive and accurate detection of DNA molecules, even at very low concentrations.