世界経済ジャーナル

In the context of the digitalization process, the aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between financial (banking) accessibility and economic growth. As a result, we developed a panel model to assess the relationships between banking accessibility and economic growth for the Central and Eastern European Countries between. Additionally, using eight independent variables to gauge the degree of banking accessibility and the dependent variable for economic growth, we used the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares approach. The findings demonstrate that expanding banking services does not always promote economic growth whereas increasing financial accessibility has a favourable impact on economic growth. The findings in the context of digitization are pertinent for policymakers underlining the importance of investing more in digitization

The Chinese government has been able to increase its investment in R&D because to four decades of tremendous economic expansion. In terms of absolute spending, China is the world's second-biggest investor in food and agricultural research, and the greatest investor when measured in terms of purchasing power parity. This study examines the diverse effects of central subsidies and local subsidies using a special panel dataset gathered in 2019 in China's seed firm using fixed effect models. This study specifically examines whether government incentives encourage innovation among businesses. The study then clarifies whether local vs central subsidies have different effects. According to the estimation results, central subsidies have a favourable impact on a company's innovation, whereas local subsidies have a negative impact.