臨床感染症: オープンアクセス

COVID-19 Variants and their Impact on Vaccine Efficacy

Abstract

Watanabe Kenji

Since the initial outbreak of COVID-19, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has undergone mutations, leading to the emergence of new variants. Some of these variants have raised concerns due to changes in their spike protein, which plays a crucial role in viral entry into human cells. Understanding the impact of these variants on vaccine efficacy is crucial for global vaccination efforts. Several SARS-CoV-2 variants have been classified as "Variants of Concern" by health authorities worldwide. First identified in the United Kingdom, this variant is associated with increased transmissibility. Originating in South Africa, it has mutations that affect vaccine efficacy and antibody neutralization. First detected in Brazil, it shares some mutations with the Beta variant and is associated with increased transmissibility. Initially found in India, it exhibits increased transmissibility and has led to outbreaks in various countries. Identified in South Africa, this variant has a large number of mutations in the spike protein, raising concerns about vaccine escape and increased transmissibility.