がん臨床試験ジャーナル

Breast Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Aparna Jayachandran

Family physicians can better care for their patients throughout and after cancer treatment if they are aware of the available breast cancer treatments. According to stage, histology, and biomarkers, this article summarises standard treatments. Treatment is not necessary for lobular cancer in situ. Without further lymph node exploration or systemic therapy, invasive ductal carcinoma in situ is treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy. Breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy are typically used to treat breast cancer in stages I and II. Radiation therapy reduces mortality and recurrence after breast-conserving surgery. For the majority of breast cancers with clinically negative axillary lymph nodes, sentinel lymph node biopsy is an option because it does not cause the arm pain and swelling that come with axillary lymph node dissection. ERBB2 (formerly HER2 or HER2/neu) overexpression, lymph node involvement, hormone receptor status, patient age, and menopausal status all have a role in the adjuvant systemic therapy decision. Chemotherapy, endocrine therapy (for cancers that express hormone receptors), and trastuzumab are typically used as systemic treatments for node-positive breast cancer (for cancer overexpressing ERBB2). Breast cancer can be treated with chemotherapy regimens that contain anthracyclines and taxanes. For breast-conserving surgery, stage III breast cancer often needs induction chemotherapy to shrink the tumour. Even though it is stage III, inflammatory breast cancer is aggressive and necessitates mastectomy rather than breast-conserving surgery, axillary lymph node dissection, and chest wall radiation. It also requires induction chemotherapy. Women with recurrent or metastatic (stage IV) breast cancer have a dismal prognosis, and treatment options must weigh the advantages of increased life expectancy and less pain against the risks of the procedure.