呼吸器・呼吸器内科

Asthma Essentials: A Guide to Understanding and Treating Asthma

Abstract

Hiroyuki Tohru

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. It affects people of all ages, but often begins in childhood. Triggers such as allergens, respiratory infections, exercise, and environmental factors can exacerbate symptoms. Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and lung function tests. Treatment typically includes inhaled corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, bronchodilators to relieve symptoms, and avoidance of triggers. With proper management, most individuals with asthma can lead active lives with minimal symptoms. However, severe asthma cases may require additional medications and specialized care.